Music video Matt. Video 4. Patience, Take That

Patience  --> Take That


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=273eSvOwpKk --> official video

"Patience" is a song by British boy band Take That. The video was directed by David Mould and was shot in Iceland. The video involves all of the band walking endlessly with some sort of equipment used in the band. They walk and walk and finally at the end of the song meet at the end by the sea and sing together. I think they did this because it was their reunion song so I believe it means that they have come back together after a long journey apart.

 It was released on 13 November 2006 as the first single from their comeback album Beautiful World. The single reached the top of the charts in Germany, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, as well as reaching the top ten in countries such as Ireland, Italy, Austria and Sweden.

Some reviews from UKMIX said that "Patience" is "Definitely a sure-fire contender for the top of the chart." and that "The song is superb, with an incredibly catchy chorus".

"Patience" debuted at number four on the UK Singles Chart and rose to number one in its second week, staying there for four weeks. It was the 8th best-selling single in the UK of 2006 and spent eleven weeks in the top ten, making it the longest that any Take That single had spent in the top ten until the release of 2007's "Rule The World". The song also became the 30th best selling single of 2007, the following year. The song just missed out on being the UK Christmas number one of 2006, being knocked off the top spot on Christmas Eve by X-Factor winner Leona Lewis' "A Moment Like This". The song was also the 20th best selling single of 2006 in Ireland. The song also won the Best British Single Award at the 2007 BRIT Awards and was voted The Record of the Year for 2006, polling 15.5% of the final vote. On 18 February 2007, it re-entered the UK top 10 after 14 weeks in the charts and on 11 August 2007, following the band's performance at the Concert for Diana, the single reentered the UK top 40. The song debuted at number one on the German Singles Chart, and since its release it has sold over 150,000 copies being certified Gold by the IFPI. Indie-rock bandThe Wombats also chose to cover this song on 9 January 2008 for BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge. Hank Marvin also covered this song on his 2007 album Guitar Man and Nick Lachey released a version as a single in the US.

I chose to research this video because I did Robbie Williams on his own so I thought it see how Take That did without Williams in the group. I also chose to do it because I liked the song and thought it was very catchy for a comeback song considering I didn't like them before they split. I found with this video seemed like a mix between studio work and instrumental because it seemed quite a natural flowing song that is quite peaceful, however it is a newer song so would have the technology that "Feel" didn't have. I like the video as they didn't need much of a set as because it was a reunion they wanted the video to be more focused on the band itself and I think it worked more than if it was a video like "Said it all" by Take That. 

Music video Matt. Video 3. Feel, Robbie Williams

Robbie Williams --> Feel

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPaGujo9p9o--> official video

"Feel" is a song by British singer-songwriter Robbie Williams. it basically shows a western/countryside love affair set around Horse Riding and freedom. The video shows Williams in a cowboy-like lifestyle. It gained some attention in the United States thanks to Daryl Hannah's appearance as Williams' love interest. There were two versions of the same video, one shot in black and white and the other in colour.
"Feel" was written by Robbie Williams and Guy Chambers. According to Williams, most of the vocals are from the original demo recording, as he felt unsatisfied with the re-recorded vocals. He commented, "I just couldn't sing it as well as I did on that day."

 Guy admitted that initially he was quite scared by its lyrics. "Because it is honest," he said. "It's deep - it's a deep lyric. I think it's one of his best lyrics." 
Williams said; "It's a beautiful song. Most of the vocal we used on the finished thing is from original demo. I tried to sing it again and I just couldn't sing it as well as I did on that day. I pour my heart out.

 It was released on December 2, 2002 as the lead single from his fifth studio album,Escapology. The song became an international hit, reaching the top of the charts in Austria, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, and top five positions in countries such as Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom.
The song was aimed to become the Christmas number-one in the United Kingdom, but peaked at #4. It still spent four weeks inside the Top 10, however, "Feel" became Williams' biggest international hit and his best selling single in Europe: the song topped the charts in Argentina, Hungary,Italy, India, Latvia, Portugal, Mexico and the Netherlands. The song was also successful in Canada, where it reached #10 and spent a total of 54 weeks in the chart. Despite Williams' major success in the most of the world, "Feel" failed to reach Billboard's Hot 100 in the USA. To date Feel sold 245,000 copies in the UK.

I chose to research this song as it was a song that came out in my childhood and I listened to it often, its very different compared to some of the songs I have researched such as Rihanna and Coldplays "Princess of China" which used more editing and the use of a studio to create the music, whereas this song used proper instruments, so i thought it would be good to compare the differences, this song is much slower and seems more natural, the video isn't as quick moving as others viewed and I lie the fact it isn't too hurtful on the eyes.The colours in the video are also vastly darker than the newer types of videos and I think more effort was made into making the video beautiful and to get it to a higher standard. 

Music video Matt. video 2. Stay Awake, Example

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5CcOq8UzkI --> official video.

"Stay Awake" is a song by British recording artist Example (aka Elliot John Gleave)  for his third studio album, "Playing in the Shadows".  And is a mixture of Dance, electro-house, dubstep and British hip-hop. The video basically shows different sets of people throughout the video having a good time, in their own locations, whether it being partying, doing sports such as dancing or basketball, and acting young. I like the video because it shows freedom and life and people doing what they love and not following everyone else, whether it being style or interests. 

 It was released on 28 August 2011 as the album's second single. The song was written by Example and produced by Nero.The song shows The song was added to BBC Radio 1 playlist. The song premièred on BBC Radio 1 as Zane Lowe's 'Hottest Record In The World' on 4 July 2011. On 4 September 2011, the single debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 1.

Stay Awake generally received a positive response upon its release. Robert Copsey of Digital Spy Blog gave the song a 4/5 star rating and stated its "The perfect pick-me-up for those on a post-festival comedown... and a harsh lesson for those who aren't"

I decided to chose this song in my list because I like Examples music and I like the range of shots the video used, from the close up of Elliots face, and the after effect used on others to show focus to something in a shot.I think it is n artistic video, where it shows all the mid shots of different groups of people and how it shows the different things in their culture. 

Music video Matt. Video 1. Rihanna and Coldplay, Princess of China.

Princess of China.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Uw6ZkbsAH8 à the video itself.

About the song:

The music video “Princess of China" is a duet track recorded by British alternative rock band Coldplay, and solo singer Rihanna. It was recorded for Coldplay's fifth studio album “Mylo Xyloto” that was published in 2011. The song was written by band members Guy Berryman, Jonny Buckland, Will Champion, and Chris Martin, along with Brian Eno, and draws influences from the music genres of electronic rock, electro pop and R&B.

The response:

The track was met with a generally positive response from music critics, with some praising the collaboration between Martin and Rihanna, though others criticized it for being uninspiring. The song performed well on international charts around the world.  A reviewer for NME commented that the song is;

 “An attempt to sound as pop orientated as possible and compared the effort to one of Coldplay's previous singles, "Viva la Vida”. If you can get beyond the outrageously chart-hungry intro – that glossy synth sound wouldn't sound out of place on a Taio Cruz album – it's actually kind of awesome. For all the poppy surface sheen, this is a song with surprisingly hefty balls, possessed of a pounding momentum that recalls 'Viva La Vida'."

Josh Eells said, in his review of the album for Rolling Stone, that

 "Princess of China is a ballad about loss and regret, co-starring Rihanna. It's a partnership that probably came together over champagne brunch at Jay-Z's, but its synth-fuzz groove is offhandedly seductive."

Judah Joseph of The Huffington Post praised the song, calling it a "collaborative monster", and noted that the song was likely to be chosen as a single to gain airplay and because "it is simply too good". Neil McCormick of The Daily Telegraph reviewed the song favourably, and labelled the collaboration as "effective", writing "the richly textured backing bringing out interesting nuances in her sweet but tough vocal, but it is the very English soulfulness of Martin himself that really adds depth to Coldplay

The song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 33 on 5 November 2011, after the release of Mylo Xyloto. The next week it dropped to number 49 before falling of the chart. "Princess of China" re-entered the chart on 19 May 2012 at number 61. After five weeks, the single reached its peak of number 4 and stayed on the position for one week.[31] In Denmark, the song debuted at number 17 on 4 November 2011.[32] The song re-entered the chart at number 20 on 15 June 2012 and reached its peak of seven after two weeks. It stayed for a total of 10 weeks on the chart.[32] "Princess of China" debuted and peaked at number 14 for one week on the Finnish Singles Chart.[33]

"Princess of China" made its singles chart debut in Ireland and the Wallonia region of Belgium on 28 October 2011. In Ireland, the song debuted at number 22, which meant that Rihanna had four different songs from four different albums, including two of her own, in the top forty of the chart, with "We Found Love featuring Calvin Harris at number one, "Princess of China” at number 22, "Fly" with Nicki Minaj at number 30 and "Cheers (Drink to That)" at number 39.

"Princess of China" debuted at its peak of number 17 on the Canadian Hot 100 on 12 November 2011 based solely on digital downloads. The next week it dropped to number 41 before falling of the chart. The song sold 105,000 digital copies in its first week and debuted at number eight on Hot Digital Songs for the chart issue when it came out on 12 November 2011. But over next  few weeks it fell 56 places to number 76, representing the biggest fall for the week .The single re-entered the US Billboard Hot 100 on 11 February 2012 at number 98, following the announcement that Rihanna and Coldplay are set to perform the song together at the 54th Grammy Awards.  The next week it fell off the chart again, before re-entering again on 25 February 2012 at number 75. The single became Coldplay's fifth and Rihanna's twentieth top-twenty song in the US."Princess of China" debuted at number 39 on the US Pop Songs for the issue dated 14 February 2012and later managed to peak at number 24 on 31 March 2012.

When and how it was filmed:

The song's music video, directed by Adria Petty and Alan Bibby, was filmed in March 2012 in Los Angeles and released on 2 June 2012. The video shows a complicated love story of Rihanna and Chris Martin. The video was met with positive reviews, with critics praising the Asian theme of the video. The song was performed live on the 54th Grammy Awards held at Staples Center in Los Angeles.

As said previously, "Princess of China" was written by Guy Berryman, Jonny Buckland, Will Champion, Brian Eno and Chris Martin. During the recording sessions for their fifth studio album Mylo Xyloto, the frontman of Coldplay, Chris Martin confirmed the band had recorded a song with Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. Martin explained that the song was specifically written for Rihanna to be featured on, and hoped that she would like it enough to want to lend her vocals to the track. Martin also explained how he approached the singer about collaborating on the song, saying the album [Mylo Xyloto] is designed as a whole piece it has boy and girl lead characters and top of our list for the girl part was Rihanna.

Behind the scenes:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfJH9XT3BeY  à  a video of behind the scenes.

From looking at the behind the scenes video clip from YouTube I have noticed that they use throughout the video a green screen with maybe a few props in front, for example the sofa Rihanna is sitting on in parts of the video. They use the green screen so it saves time, instead of taking everyone and all the equipment to real places.  And also so they can create any sort of atmosphere they desire. In parts of the video it looks like Rihanna and Martin are flying in mid air, behind the scenes you are shown they are being held in the air by an invisible wire, the wires can be easily edited out to save time, and it is more free so Rihanna and Martin can hold themselves in the positions needed in mid air to create the idea that they are fighting in the air.

I included this video in my research as I really enjoy both Coldplay and Rihannas music, and putting them together i think worked well and I enjoyed the song. I enjoy watching videos with Rihanna in as I like the fact she can change her appearance and the theme of each video she makes.

Neil --> Exploring the work of other Video Installation artists

Exploring the work of other Video Installation artists 

I’ve chosen to explore Sam Taylor Wood and Bill Viola as they both have quite different video instillations. The first artist I looked at was Sam Taylor Wood with “Still life”. This video lasts for 3.18 and was created by a single camera at a mid-shot of a bowl full of fresh fruit next to a pen. The way it was set up makes it look like a finished painting, with the old-fashioned looking background and then the vibrant colours from the fruit, and where the video may have been edited, Woods has dulled the colours from the fruit out which is what makes it again have this painted look. But what takes it back to looking more realistic is the pen next to the bowl, as it doesn’t have the painted look so reminds me it is a real video.

The name of the video basically describes the theme of the video itself as it is a still life showing a bowl of fresh fruit, and a pen next to it. There is no music as it wouldn't really be necessary and may ruin the artistic style to the video. The theme is to show how things change over time and is just a still life of the fruit basically decaying over time, showing how something so nice can go horrible. The video shows all this grey mist-like substance coming off of the fruit throughout the video and the fruit go all grey and fall apart slowly, getting lower to the bowl they are sat in. The video is also sped up, to show the fruit decay in a shorter period of time, but it doesn't look like it is sped up due to it really happening so slowly, it just looks like normal speed.

This could influence me with my video instillation as I like the fact it plays with time and how she edited it to show how it doesn’t stay the same. I like the fact she used something from nature not manmade and the video wasn’t hectic and in your face, It was very calming to watch and was interesting to see what happens to fruit after a period of time, if that was in your house you wouldn’t notice it change like that, you would see it in jumps, with this video you get to see just what happens, and it is quite off putting in a way as it makes you not want to eat fruit. I don’t like the video very much but I like how it was created as it was quite artistic and different to other videos.

(I couldn’t find a review for this video)

The next video instillation I am going to look at is Sam Taylor Wood’s “A Little Death” This video is very similar to the "Still Life" instillation in the way that is shows a life form change over time, but this time it is with a once living animal; a Rabbit next to a piece of fruit on a table, which again links to the still life as it was fruit used in the original. The video lasts 4.56, and again it is a single camera at a mid-shot facing the rabbit and the fruit on the table. The camera is a bit further away from the Rabbit and piece of fruit this time, being that the Rabbit is much larger than the bowl of fruit, and to get it all in Woods would have had to position it differently. Again is has this painted look about it, but not so much as the first one. She definitely dulls the colours of the image down to give off more of an “old” effect, which works as these videos play with time.

The name this time doesn’t exactly state the theme of this video, it does in the fact it is about death, but the Rabbit was already dead before the video was shot, so it is more about after the death than death itself. Again with this video there is no music as it is unnecessary and would take some of the effect away from the video. The theme of this video is basically just showing what happens to a creature after is has lived its life, what happens to it after a period of time. It basically shows the Rabbit decay. As the Rabbit starts to decay, you see the rabbits skin start to do what looks like vibrate, describing it, it looks like a little mole is travelling through the rabbit by the way the skin is moving. As time passes you see the Rabbit slowly fall apart and become quite disfigured. It is a sped up video otherwise again as I said previously, it would take too long to show. By the end of the clip all is left is some skin and the fur off of the Rabbit.

Another’s opinion on the video:

http://www.ravished-by-illusions.com/post/7010985038/a-little-death-by-sam-taylor-wood

A genius work by video artist Sam Taylor-Wood: Take the most simple scenario you get, waive all additions like sounds or visual effects and create nevertheless a breath-taking film.
While painter of the 17th century created immutable pictures of objects in their most beautiful moments, Sam Taylor-Wood refreshes the traditional work of still life and tells simple a story about the transient nature of life.
The camera catches a dead rabbit which is decomposed rapidly before our eyes, while the mellow peach beside it stays untouched all the time. In an odd, beautiful way it shows how fast a once living being can disappear without any possibility of changing it.

I agree to some extent of this review how she is refreshing and unique which is good as she doesn’t follow everyone else and it’s nice to see someone do something different, however I wouldn't say its “beautiful” and I think it is quite distressing watching a beautiful creature decaying into nothing and think it is quite a sad clip as it shows nothing is beautiful and stays the same forever.

This could influence me on my video instillation as again it is about nature, and nature and animals is a favoured topic of mine, however  like I said previously it is quite distressful and horrible to watch the creature decaying and becoming disfigured. I don’t particularly like the video because of that, is doesn’t have the grace to it like “Still Life” does and I didn’t find it as fascinating to look at, in fact it was much harder to watch. I also dislike this video due to it seeming fake in parts as I don’t understand how during the quite long period of time it would take the Rabbit to rot, how the peach is still intact like it has just been left there moments ago, next to what is left of a Rabbit? It seems quite unrealistic and maybe it wasn’t even really made just edited well.

The other artist I am going to look at is Bill Viola, whose videos are quite different to the ones I've looked at previously. His first video I looked at was “The Reflecting Pool” which lasted for 6.55, a fairly long video instillation, and is similar to the two video instillations I looked at from Woods in the fact that it was made a single camera shot showing the same image throughout the clip. It is a very artistic shot of a beautiful woodland area surrounding a pond. A background noise of crickets, running water and just everyday woodland noises is added to give it a pretty, elegant effect to it. It seems like something from a film or a dream in the sense that it is such a pretty scene and has a grace about it. It basically shows a man walk up to the pool slowly, come up onto the steps, and for a fairly long period of time he doesn't move at all. Then suddenly he goes to jump into the pool, and he freezes up in the air, he has stopped moving like he has been paused. You see ripples in the water like the man jumped in, or something has fallen in, however nothing is there in the water. The scene in the water also changes as the video goes on, before the man jumps into the water, the water is clear and you can see the reflection from the trees and bushes in the water, however for a long time when the man is frozen in the air, the water is much more blurred and there is not as much of a refection. Soon the the clear reflection comes back again as you see the shadow on the pool of the man walking away. After that two figures appear reflecting in the water but not on the ground, they walk around the edge of the pool to the other side and there is ripples where they should be in the water but nothings there, during this the water goes cloudy again and they disappear with the ripples. After that when it starts to get dark, the water is  quite dark now, and in the light patch of the water a figure appears, the figure from the beginning of the clip, and stands in the same spot again from the beginning, but only reflecting  as the figure is not on the land, the light follows him as he walks off and once he is gone the water lights up again. Then the same figure then gets out of the water and walks off in the first direction he came from and it fades to black.

I think this is why it has the name “The Reflecting Pool”. It’s not anything to do with the man jumping into the pool, the theme is about showing the effect the man has on the water, and how the reflection changes by movement, it’s about showing the outcomes of his actions not him actually doing it, and that is why Viola doesn’t show him jump into the pool as your eyes will be diverted into watching his movements not the grace of the water. There is no soundtrack to this video, again like Woods video instillations, it would ruin the peace as it is not needed and would take away some of the beauty from the video. The background noises finish the video up nicely and create this really pretty scene. The theme of this video instillation is movement.

Another review on the video:

http://melissamarcus.wordpress.com/2009/03/02/the-reflecting-pool-bill-viola/

To me, his work is an investigation of life- his own life and the things that every human experiences- birth, life, death. I don’t know what “The Reflecting Pool” is about is his words, but I have made my own observation. I think that reflection in this piece means memory and illusion. I see a representation of reality vs dreams/memories, and the present vs past with the human figure standing outside the pool, and then the other figures that appear, but only in the reflection. I do kind of agree with this statement as you could interpret it in a way of someone’s imagination as they are not actually on the ground, just as a reflection, so you could say the pool is someone’s mind and what they picture and think about. It then carries on saying: The figure becomes frozen in time as he is about to cannon-ball into the pool and the reflecting pool begins to transform. The movement of the ripples in the water changes, the lighting changes, and we start to see images that are only reflected and not there in real life. This is more of an observation than an opinion. But when I watched it I only really thought of how actions of the man partially affected the water, and not the people and what their significance is, due to Viola making sure no people were visible outside of the water, however reading someone else’s opinion I would agree in saying this could be someone’s imagination or a strange dream and the people are important but are distant in the mind hence being in a reflection, and the ripples and cloudiness could suggest that these people make the mind of the person think and effects the person which is why there is ripples in the water.

This could influence my video instillation as it shows that small things can have big effects, it could help me if I wanted to do a video instillation about movement and I like how much effort was put into the small details of the clip such as the ripples in the water. I really liked this clip as I thought it was very calming to watch unlike “A Little Death” which I couldn’t wait for it to be over, this was pretty and artistic in the way at first when the man jumped, you focused your eyes to see if he would move again, but by the end you were watching the rhythms of the water and the reflections. This could influence me if I wanted a video instillation based on averting the viewer’s eyes onto things they wouldn’t normally look at.

His other video instillation I looked at is called “Acceptance”. It’s a short clip only lasting for 2.03, and is different to the other three video instillations watched due to the fact the camera moves around a bit, like it’s an amateur cameraman, however I think the camera is supposed to do that as the video itself is quite uneasy and there is a struggle trying to be brought across in the video. Again it is a very artistic clip but not in the same way as “The Reflecting Pool” it’s more showing the beauty of humanity, this time instead of the little things and nature. However from watching these two videos of his, I have noticed that Viola has a keen interested in water and the beauty and delicate things that can come from it, so you could also say this video is about water movement. This video instillation shows an out of focus person in the darkness, not much going on, and as it gets clearer you see that it is a naked women being showered by water, the more water that is falling onto her the clearer she gets, when she gets quite clear you can see that her expression is like she is crying out for help, she looks miserable, like she is struggling. The woman starts to calm down, and as she does so, less water is pouring on her until she is completely calmed, her expression has changed to a much more relaxed tone and she turns to face the camera and starts to move towards it, by the end she is completely clear and all the water is gone.

The name "The Struggle” links to the video instillation as I think the water is supposed to represent pressure, due to the woman showing a struggle and upset, the more water pours on her, and this could suggest the pressure to be accepted by others or even herself, and the water is representing that barrier the woman has, and when she started to accept herself the water disappears (the stress). Again there is no music in this video instillation, just a noise that sounds like wind, again like the other three video instillations, music may ruin the idea that Viola is trying to get across. In this video light is also important, the more the woman accepts herself, the more light is on her, and the fact she is surrounded by darkness could suggest that she is alone, especially at the beginning as there wasn’t much light on her either, however like I aid previously I think the video is more about her accepting herself, which is why light hits her only.

Here is another’s view on the video:

http://nochovka.blogspot.co.uk/2010/12/interpreting-bill-violas-acceptance.html

At first, we are seeing a female figure appearing somewhat out of focus. The subject passes through a water stream and emerges in focus. The setting appears un-interpretable at first. But I believe I understand the message, and part of the message is given away in the title itself. I can agree with most of that statement however I had an idea of what is was about after watching it the whole way through, I thought it was interpretable as soon as I saw the last minute. The review carries on saying:  The female subject emerges from the darkness, out of focus and into the light. The beginning and end points of her movement slightly signify a path which symbolizes moving from something undesirable to something worth struggling for, in this case from darkness to light. I can agree with this as it shows her start of struggling and the end like I said previously she is calm and heading in a new direction. It carries on saying: Falling water symbolises a barrier, an obstacle that needs to be defeated, and there is no alternate path around it. Water also symbolizes vulnerability- a cold and unpredictable force that makes the passage both uncomfortable and dangerous. I agree with the fact that water symbolizes vulnerability as when there is water on her she is clearly struggling, and once it is gone she is calmed and in the light, however I disagree with the water being an obstacle itself, I think it’s an anagram of her emotion being shown in a way we can understand. But after reading this review I think I understood the meaning of the video instillation quite well.

I did not really enjoying watching this video, as artistic as it was it was quite boring and at the end I found it awkward to watch due to the fact the woman was naked, however I liked the concept of the video and thought it was quite creative in using water to portray an emotion, as water can be a very strong substance in great forces and so can feeling unaccepted. This could influence my video instillation as it inspires me to focus on a particular thing and show how it is important to me, not to focus on a lot of things in one, as too many things could cluster the video. It has inspired me to definitely do something based on movement.

Matt - Job roles

Director

What are they?

Film directors oversee everything on a movie set and have to portray that in the film. It’s their interpretation of the script that they are given script that makes the film what it is so the director is a really important role in production.

What they do:

A director's work begins in pre-production, when he works on casting and the script. He oversees filming and designs every scene again from his interpretation. He coaches the actors/actresses with their performances. In post-production, he oversees the editing of the movie and cuts it together to what he thinks works best.

Who they work with:

Directors work with the actors, set designers, costumers, editors and lighting technicians. They deal with everyone from the makeup artists and tech workers to cinematographers and art directors to make sure everything is how they want and imagine it to be.

Some directors are also producers and script writers. James Cameron for example, wrote, produced and directed “Avatar”

What a director should bring into the role/skills:

Directors must have an artistic vision and creative skills to develop an engaging and original film. If you don’t have an artistic and creative mind it would be harder to picture something without it being right there in front of you.  A director should have a commitment and a deep passion for filmmaking, along with the ability to act as a strong and confident leader.

Directors must have the confidence to make major decisions, but must also be able to communicate, and to collaborate with other members of the team e.g. the producer or writer. And a director should obviously have good communication skills and interpersonal skills.

Directors also must inspire and motivate the team to produce the film they have envisioned from the script, they need the ability to keep the team spirit going. They need an understanding of the filmmaking process and all the job roles involved in getting a film from start to finish, from both technical and creative points of view.

They definitely need attention to detail and to not forget the minor things, such as continuity errors, even if small, and they should have the ability to remain calm and think clearly under great pressure.

Qualifications/Experience

While there are numerous training courses and reference books on directing, formal qualifications are not necessary to become a Director, you could have great qualifications but if you don’t have imagination, determination and an artistic eye, you wouldn’t make a great director.  Studying the art and craft of directing is important, but the role can only really be mastered through practical experience.

Writing a screenplay, directing one's own short film or an amateur play, are all good starting places. Extensive industry experience is also crucial to this role; up-to-date knowledge of filmmaking techniques and equipment is vital, as is learning how to work with actors to create a performance. 

As many Directors work their way up over many years from entry level positions, getting work experience as a Runner on a film set or in a production office is an ideal starting point. Observing successful Directors at work, whilst immersing oneself in the practical process of filmmaking, are vital first steps on this fiercely competitive and highly challenging career path.

Producer

What are they?

Producers are the main people involved in television, film and video industries.  A producer will oversee each project from start to finish and may also be involved in the marketing and distribution processes

What they do:

Producers arrange the funding by maybe asking around for finance, getting to know people who may be able to help a project and are responsible for keeping the production within the allocated budget . It can include going to meetings and setting up advertising and funding campaigns to get the particular project.

Who they work with:

They work closely with directors and other production staff on the shoot.  So therefor they would work closely with the director. They also hire key staff such as the director, as it’s their film so they get to decide who they want to bring the film to life.

What a producer should bring into the role/skills:

Producers first of all must be good businessmen, they need to be able to secure finance for the production, which involves mixing with a variety of people, “bribing” and convincing people to sponsor and give money towards the film. They need to motivate the production team and guide the director in the right lines, in doing so a producer would need excellent communication skills to keep the team working to the best standard and with high spirits.

 They also need to be creative visionaries, with the ability to spot and deal with potential problems before they materialise they would need to be creative also when it comes to choosing the right director and actor/actresses, they will need to have the eye to know if they will play the part in their role right. They would need to work well under pressure whilst still motivating the production team. They need an extensive knowledge of cinematic narrative and a thorough understanding of all the creative processes of filmmaking as they are in ultimate control of the overall planning of the production including sales and distribution.

The Producer's responsibility for the project continues for as long as the film is shown globally. They need to be organist when preparing the film, whether its advertising the film or selling it to others. They need to keep to their budget so have a good knowledge of money and how much things are in the film business, whether it’s hiring the director, or writers, or buying equipment or sets.

They need to know the latest health and safety regulations in the workplace and ensure the compliance with regulations of codes of practice.

As the Producer will already have worked in the film industry for some considerable time they will have the necessary driving licence and valid passport.

Qualifications/Experience

There are no set qualifications for a Produce, however, as the head of a team of both accounting and creative personnel, the Producer has to have an extensive understanding of the nature of film production as well as a strong grasp of business and financial issues. He/she must have experience of working in the film industry, preferably as part of the Production Team to have an understanding of how everything works.

Script editor

Who are they?

A script editor plans, coordinates, or edits material for publication. They may review proposals and drafts for possible publications. A job as a Script Editor falls under the broader career category of Editors.

What they do:

A script writer basically reads the copy of a script to look out for things such as errors in spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure.  They can rewrite and edit a copy to improve readability, or supervise others who do this work.  They have with the development of the story or content ideas.

They oversee the publication production, including artwork, layout, computer typesetting, and printing, ensuring adherence to deadlines and budget requirements. They also arrange and make sure that copyright is sorted.

Who they would work with:

A script editor would work with the writer as he will go over what the writer has written and maybe add ideas.  They may also work with the director, to show them the final script and to go over with the director what works and what doesn’t or what they need to change.

Skills

Script Editors should have a keen insight into all aspects of screenplay tone, including genre, style, structure, character, plot, action and dialogue. They must understand the various development stages, including, premises, synopses, beat outlines, step-outlines, treatments and rough drafts.

They should also have a keen understanding of how to use the dramatist's tools, including comic irony, suspense, mystery and dramatic tension, and of the different ways that screen works affect audiences. The best Script Editors provide Screenwriters with a different perspective on their story, as well as reminding them of the production company's requirements, and the market for films. They need shrewd interpersonal and negotiation skills, and must be capable of liaising effectively between Screenwriters and Producers or Development Executives.

They need to be able to work with the writer and other script editors, to get the final outcome, so they need to be flexible, so good communication skills is important in the role.

Qualifications/Experience

Script Editors are usually highly educated graduates, and experienced Script Readers, with proven analytical skills, who have taken an industry script editing course. They may also have attended a number of Screenwriting Courses, and should have a comprehensive knowledge of the dramatic and screenwriting theories used by Screenwriters and Producers to guide their work.

TIM --> Similarities and differences in the posters chosen

The posters are similar due to lighting is a major part in all three of the posters, they all use light to create suspense or to outline or show up a particular thing in the poster, "The Strangers" Used candle-like light to light up the protagonist, to show her body language and expression on her face, "Memento" used light to outline the characters on the posters face, using more light with the main character Lenny, maybe to show him in a good light, and the other character on the poster has light only on her face, dark surrounds her, again like I said on the posters review, to maybe suggest she is a bad character. And with "The Machinist", light is used to highlight the posted note so your eye goes to that first. 
Another similarity with each poster I reviewed, is that each one has a tagline creating suspense and adding effect to the poster, Mementos saying "Some memories are better left forgotten" The Machinists one saying "Trevor Reznik is four letters away from the truth" and The Strangers saying "We tell ourselves there's nothing to fear, but sometimes we're wrong"
All three posters, have bold, standing out font, to highlight the title of the film, and they all have the main character or characters names of the film on, to promote the actor/actresses and if they are well known it may promote the film too 
The differences are, firstly each poster is set out differently, Memento uses the use of photographs to cover up the poster, with the characters in as it relates to the film, it is very cluttered with a lot to look at, however The Machinists poster is very plain, with just the title and a posted note generally to look at, and The Strangers poster is pretty much what looks like a screen shot with a bit of extra colour added on to create suspense, so they are both very different but still effective.
Another difference is, the fonts may be bold, but Mementos font is in black whilst the other two are in white, and The Strangers uses a bit of effect on the font where as the other two don't.